practice questions

1. pH is the measure of acidity to alkalinity. An example of an acid is vinegar, and example of a neutral substance is water, and an example of a base is ammonia. 


2. 27.8 m/s. 


3. 0.000905 kg. Decimal is moved 6 places.


4. The charge of an electron is -1, the charge of a proton is +1, and the charge of a neutron is neutral. 


5. An anion is negative and a cation is positive. An anion is formed by gaining one electron, and a cation is formed by losing one electron. 


6. The first column on the periodic table (Na, K) tends to lose one electron. 


7. The second column on the periodic table (Mg, Ca) tends to lose two electrons. 


8. The sixth column on the periodic table (O, S) tends to gain two electrons.


9. The seventh column on the periodic table (F, Cl) tends to gain one electron. 


10. The eighth column on the periodic table (He, Ne) tends to remain neutral. This column is called the noble gases. 


11. Fluorine is a negative ion, and Mg is a positive ion. 


12. An atom is composed of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons on the inside, and electrons on the outside. 


13. Water can't be 100% pure because there are atmospheric gases that will always dissolve in water. 


14. We can help dissolve more solute in water by rising the temperature. 


15. KI is an ionic compound formed from K+ and I-. BaOH is an ionic compound formed from Ba+ and OH-. AlO is an ionic compound formed from Al3 and O2-. 


16. The atomic symbol for Mercury is Hg. It's atomic number is 80  and it's atomic weight is 200. There are 80 protons and 80 electrons, and 130 neutrons.